Basic Information About Prostate Cancer

What Is Prostate Cancer:

what is prostate cancer

The health professional versions have detailed information written in technical language. The patient versions are written in easy-to-understand, nontechnical language. Both versions have cancer information that is accurate and up to date and most versions are also available in Spanish. Some of the tests that were done to diagnose the cancer or to find out the stage of the cancer may be repeated. Some tests will be repeated in order to see how well the treatment is working.

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It is time to create a long-term schedule with your doctor for future tests. These therapies have been used for many years and are often offered as the first option for men who can’t have or don’t want other treatments. Hormone therapy usually works for a while (maybe for years) until the cancer “learns” how to bypass this treatment. This uses a “NanoKnife” to pass an electrical current through the tumor.

As in stage 2, stage 3 prostate cancer is broken down into three letter subgroups. Dr. Donald Gleason originally developed the Gleason prostate cancer score in the 1960s as a way to measure how aggressive these details your prostate cancer may be. If your doctor finds anything unusual on these tests, they may request a biopsy. During a biopsy, your doctor will collect a tissue sample from your prostate.

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The prostate gland produces a protein called prostate specific antigen (PSA). Stage 4 is the most advanced stage of prostate cancer and is divided into two letter groups. Stage 4 prostate cancer can have any grade group, PSA value, and Gleason score. Doctors also commonly use a digital rectal exam, where they use a gloved finger to feel for abnormal prostate growth.

Doctors know that prostate cancer begins when cells in the prostate develop changes in their DNA. A cell’s DNA contains the instructions that tell a cell what to do. The changes tell the cells to grow and divide more rapidly than normal cells do. The abnormal cells continue living, when other cells would die. As we’ve seen here, research and scientific advancement has provided us with a host of options for this extremely treatable form of cancer.

what is prostate cancer

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It is not possible for a doctor to predict the exact course of a disease, as it will depend on each person’s individual circumstances. The staging system used for prostate cancer is the TNM system, which describes you could try this out the stage of the cancer from stage 1 to stage 4 . A biopsy removes small pieces of tissue from different parts of the prostate with the aid of a rectal ultrasound, for examination under microscope.

Each pattern is given a grade from 3 to 5, with grade 3 looking the most like normal prostate tissue and grade 5 looking the most abnormal. You may receive radiation therapy as a standalone treatment for prostate cancer or in combination with other treatments. The urethra is a tube that runs from the bladder through the prostate gland and the middle of the penis, to carry urine out of the body. The penis has a rich blood supply, as well as a muscle layer and nerves. When sexually aroused the blood flow increases and it becomes erect. Prostate cancer has a very high survival rate when it’s caught early.

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Higher stages of cancer are more advanced than lower stages. Knowing which stage your cancer is in helps your doctor determine the best treatment options for you. By stage 4, cancer has typically spread to distant parts of your body. If it has spread to other organs, the 5-year survival rate drops to about 30 percent.

Treatment may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy or other drug therapies. Urinary incontinence can sometimes over here result from prostate cancer treatment . Urinary incontinence is urine leakage without your control.

Learn more about the symptoms to watch out for, screening recommendations, causes, and survival rates here. Test your knowledge of 6 common beliefs about prostate cancer. Talk to your healthcare provider if you’re experiencing treatment side effects. Often, they can recommend medicines and procedures that can help. Still, approximately 34,000 people in the United States die from prostate cancer each year.

In the United States, 1 in 8 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in his lifetime. There’s no doubt that these factors have contributed to the fact that more men are diagnosed with prostate cancer. The encouraging thing though is that deaths from prostate cancer are falling. This can cause the urethra to narrow and decrease urine flow. This is called benign prostatic hyperplasia, and it is not the same as prostate cancer. Men may also have other prostate changes that are not cancer.

The average time for erections that allow intercourse is between 4 and 24 months. Men under age 60 have a better chance of regaining erections than older men. Even with nerve-sparing surgery, erections do not return right away or to full pre-surgery function. Talk to your healthcare provider about the side effects or problems you have after treatment. You and your healthcare provider can decide your best next steps.

If identified and treated promptly, most cases of prostate cancer can be effectively managed. Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from recurring (coming back) or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Immunotherapy is a treatment that uses the patient’s immune system to fight cancer.

The grade of the cancer describes how abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope and how quickly the cancer is likely to grow and spread. As men age, the prostate may get bigger and block the urethra or bladder. The condition is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and although it is not cancer, surgery may be needed. The symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia or of other problems in the prostate may be like symptoms of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer prognosis depends on how far the cancer has spread at diagnosis. Most men are diagnosed with tumors confined to the prostate; 99% of them survive more than 10 years from their diagnoses.

It has spread to nearby tissues, such as the back passage (rectum). Cancer is when abnormal cells start to divide and grow in an uncontrolled way. The cells can grow into surrounding tissues or organs, and may spread to other areas of the body. If your prostate cancer has yet to spread, stage 1-3, doctors use risk groups to plan your treatment. However, advanced stages can lead to more or less treatment. Other factors may also come into play, such as your age and overall health.

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