An organ in the human body that filters waste products and excess fluids from the blood, which are then excreted in the urine. The kidneys also play a crucial role in maintaining electrolyte balance and producing certain hormones.
Each filters about 120 liters of blood plasma each and every day, cleverly separating out the waste in the form of urea and other nitrogenous substances, as well as excessive salt ions. The kidneys are bean-shaped organs located in the upper retroperitoneal region of the abdomen. That is, they are located behind the smooth peritoneal …
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This process causes a progressive increase in osmotic concentration from the corticomedullary junction (approximately 300-mOsm/L) into the deeper medullary interstitium (approximately 1200-mOsm/L). The elevated interstitial osmotic concentration helps concentrate urine entering the collecting tubules and ducts by increasing water reabsorption. Once the filtrate gets to the collecting ducts in the medulla of the kidney, they …
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The fibers synapse directly onto the chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, inducing the release of catecholamines. The adrenal cortex receives hormonal stimulation from the pituitary gland by way of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) to produce corticotropic hormones. Each kidney and ureter is supplied by its respective renal artery that arises from the abdominal aorta, just …
These junctions are physiological constrictions frequently obstructed by kidney stones (renal calculi). Besides filtering blood and forming urine for the excretion of soluble wastes, see the kidneys have several vital functions in maintaining body-wide homeostasis. Most of these functions are related to the composition or volume of urine formed by the kidneys.
After that would …
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Many people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) will not have symptoms because it does not usually cause problems until it reaches an advanced stage. A person can check their kidney function using an at-home urine test, such as a dipstick or UACR test, or a finger prick test to check their GFR …
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The pain can be mild to severe, depending on the extent of the damage. This type of injury is different from acute kidney injury (AKI). People with PKD are at an increased risk of kidney stones and kidney failure. The official statement kidney pain caused by dehydration tends to be dull and felt in the …
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About 50% of people with renal cell carcinoma, the most common type of kidney cancer, do not usually have symptoms at the time of diagnosis. In some people, acute kidney failure can cause permanent damage. This can put you at a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease.
Kidneys keep electrolyte balance …
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Though it’s a common condition, many of us struggle to identify if we’re dealing with a kidney stone or something else. Being pregnant puts you at a greater risk of developing a urinary tract infection or blood clots all which can cause a sensation of pain in your middle back. Most kidney or flank pain …
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It’s easy to mistake kidney pain for ordinary back pain, but there are some differences in how they feel and where they’re located. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by bacteria in your urinary tract and can cause pain when you here urinate. UTIs can also cause a fever and the need to urinate often. …
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Other occupations also do not allow for the unplanned passage of a kidney stone. Some herbal substances are promoted as helping prevent stones. You should know that there is insufficient published medical evidence to support the use of any herb or supplement in preventing stones. Kidney stones can develop in 1 or both kidneys and …
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